氢燃料燃气轮机与大规模氢能发电

李星国

doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.03.006

自然杂志 >

2023 , Vol. 45 >Issue 2: 113 - 118

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.03.006

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氢燃料燃气轮机与大规模氢能发电

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北京大学化学与分子工程学院，稀土材料化学及其应用国家重点实验室/北京分子科学国家研究中心，北京 100871

收稿日期: 2022-01-22

网络出版日期: 2022-08-15

基金资助

国家自然科学基金项目(51971004)

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Hydrogen fuel gas turbine and large-scale hydrogen power generation

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Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)/The State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 China

Received date: 2022-01-22

Online published: 2022-08-15

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摘要

清洁可再生氢能源的利用被视为CO₂ 减排的一个重要途径，受到世界各国的高度重视。从电能到氢能再到电能的高效转换是氢能利用的核心技术之一。产业上大规模高效氢能到电能的转换技术需要100 MW以上的功率，而依靠目前的燃料电池技术难以满足。氢燃料燃气轮机可以实现大规模氢能到电能的转换，且转化效率会随着功率的提高而提高，将是一种重要的氢能发电技术。文章对氢燃料燃气轮机的性能特点、各国研究动态、机种类型和特点、输出功率和热效率、氨燃气轮机等进行了介绍，同时提出利用氢燃料燃气轮机实现从水到水循环的氢能利用系统的设想。

关键词： 氢气; 氢燃料燃气轮机; 氢能发电; CO₂排放; 燃料电池

本文引用格式

李星国 . 氢燃料燃气轮机与大规模氢能发电[J]. 自然杂志, 2023 , 45(2) : 113 -118 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-9608.2022.03.006

Abstract

The utilization of clean and renewable hydrogen energy is regarded as an important way to reduce CO₂ emission, which has been highly valued over the world. The efficient conversion from electric energy to hydrogen energy and back to electric energy is one of the core technologies in the utilization of hydrogen energy. The industry requires large-scale output of more than 100 MW and highly efficient conversion from hydrogen to electric energy, but the current fuel cell technology struggles to meet the demand. Hydrogen fuel gas turbine can realize large-scale conversion from hydrogen energy to electric energy, and the conversion efficiency will increase with output power. It will be an important hydrogen to electricity technology to explore. This paper introduces the performance characteristics of hydrogen fuel gas turbine, research trends in various countries, model types and characteristics, output power and thermal efficiency, ammonia fuel gas turbine, and puts forward the idea of hydrogen energy utilization system using hydrogen fuel gas turbine to realize water to water cycle.

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