镁合金密度仅为铝合金的2/3，钢铁的1/4，因此镁合金零部件的大规模应用有助于轻量化和节能减排。在碳达峰、碳中和背景下，镁材料的发展应用潜力巨大。文章分析了国内外镁合金的产业现状及其加工技术，重点综述了镁合金作为结构材料在汽车、轨道交通、自行车、3C(计算机、通信和消费电子产品)、航空航天、国防工业等领域的发展与应用情况，梳理了目前镁产业存在的主要问题，最后对镁合金结构材料的未来发展进行了展望。

The density of magnesium alloy is only that of 2/3 of aluminum alloy, 1/4 of steel. Therefore, the mass application of magnesium alloy parts can help lightweight and energy-saving. In the background of carbon emission peak and carbon neutrality policies, the development of magnesium material application has huge potential and great promise. This paper analyzes the current situation and processing techniques of magnesium alloy industry at home and abroad. The development and application of magnesium alloy as structural materials in automobile, rail transportation, bicycle, 3C (computer, communication and consumer electronics), aerospace, defense industry, etc., are highlighted and reviewed. The main problems of the current magnesium industry are summarized. Finally, the prospects of magnesium alloy as structural materials are outlined.