自然杂志 ›› 2013, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (6): 416-421.

• 诺贝尔奖简介 • 上一篇    下一篇

细胞囊泡运输系统与人类健康——2013年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖简介

李雪 林鑫华   

  1. ①博士研究生,②研究员,中国科学院动物研究所生物膜与膜生物工程国家重点实验室,北京100101
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-19 修回日期:2013-12-05 出版日期:2013-12-25 发布日期:2013-12-25

Cell vesicle trafficking system and human health:A brief introduction of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2013

LI Xue, LIN Xin-hua   

  1. ①Ph.D. Candidate, ②Professor, State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
  • Received:2013-11-19 Revised:2013-12-05 Online:2013-12-25 Published:2013-12-25

摘要: 人类对健康的孜孜以求推动了生命科学领域的不断创新和发展,从20 世纪80 年代兰迪·W?谢克曼(Randy W. Schekman)和詹姆斯?E?罗斯曼(James E. Rothman)分别对酵母细胞进行研究,通过生物电镜观察到囊泡运输系统并给出定义,到托马斯?C?苏德霍夫(Thomas C. Südhof)在神经细胞突触传导中证实了囊泡运输系统的时空调控性,囊泡运输系统作为细胞的基本组成,受到了越来越深入的研究。囊泡运输系统经由精密的调控广泛地参与诸多生命活动过程,与多种生命现象相关,囊泡运输系统障碍可能导致多种人类疾病,深入透彻地理解这些生物学现象和作用机制,对于攻克人类疾病,保障人类健康具有十分深远的意义。

关键词: 囊泡运输系统, 内膜系统, 蛋白选运, 蛋白分泌, 诺贝尔生理学或医学奖

Abstract: The field of life science has been continually developed through mankind creative and diligent studies in pursuit of human health. In the1980s of last century, studies of Randy W. Schekman in yeast and James E. Rothman via biological electronic microscope and vesicle fusion experiments mapped out one of the body vesicle transport machinery leading to the definition and function of vesicle trafficking system, while investigation of Thomas C. Südhof in neuronal communication via synapses have approved precise regulation of vesicle trafficking system. Vesicle trafficking system is one of the fundamental units of cells and has been involved in many biological processes. Defects in vesicle trafficking system have deleterious effects and could lead to many human diseases. A deep understanding of the mechanisms of vesicle trafficking system will yield new insights into our human health for prevention and therapies of the related human diseases.

Key words: vesicle trafficking system, endomembrane system, protein sorting and vesicular transport, protein secretion, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine