关键词: 获得性免疫系统, 原核生物, 基因编辑, CRISPR-Cas9

Abstract:

CRISPR-Cas (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-CRISPR-associated) is an important acquired immune system for prokaryotes. CRISPR sequences can be transcribed and processed into non-coding RNA, crRNA (CRISPRRNA). These Cas proteins can complete the RNA mediated target DNA cut using their DNA exonuclease, which is important for bacteriophage and plasmid DNA invader defense in prokaryotes. The CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing was invented on the system, which is widely used in life science. In the article, the following knowledge was described including discovery of CRISPR sequence,
nomenclature of CRISPR, prediction of biological role, confirmation of experiment, research on mechanism and improvement of system. It is important for the comprehensive understanding of CRISPR-Cas9 technology invention.