中国白瓷和青花瓷的起源研究

自然杂志 ›› 2017, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (2): 137-148.

中国白瓷和青花瓷的起源研究

罗宏杰^①②，李伟东^①，鲁晓珂^①，孙新民^③，刘兰华^④，赵志文^③，郭木森^③

①古陶瓷科学研究国家文物局重点科研基地，中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所，上海 200050；②上海大学，上海 200444；③河南省文物考古研究院，郑州 450000；④中国文化遗产研究院，北京 100029

收稿日期:2016-11-22 修回日期:2016-12-22 出版日期:2017-04-25 发布日期:2017-05-17
通讯作者: 鲁晓珂，通信作者，Email：luxiaoke@mail.sic.ac.cn
作者简介:罗宏杰，国家杰出青年科学基金获得者，研究方向：陶瓷粉体制备和古陶瓷科技研究
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51232008、51602333)和国家文物局指南针计划(20100301、20080305)资助

Origin and evolution of Chinese white porcelain and blue-and-white porcelain

LUO Hongjie^①②, LI Weidong^①, LU Xiaoke^①, SUN Xinmin^③, LIU Lanhua^④, ZHAO Zhiwen^③,GUO Musen^③

①Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; ②Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China;③Cultural Relics and Archaeology Institute of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450000, China;④Chinese Academy of Cultural Heritage, Beijing 100029, China

Received:2016-11-22 Revised:2016-12-22 Online:2017-04-25 Published:2017-05-17

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在河南巩义白河窑址发现了迄今考古发掘时代最早的白瓷，同时在白河窑和黄冶窑晚唐地层中也发现了若干青花瓷残片，这是目前唯一在窑址发现的唐青花标本，具有十分重要的考古学意义。通过对白河窑北魏青瓷、北魏白瓷和唐代白瓷进行化学组成、烧成温度、显微结构、白度等一系列测试分析，并运用统计分析的手段对数据归纳处理，首次阐明了白瓷在河南巩义起源与发展的演变规律。另外，通过对白河窑和黄冶窑两个窑址出土的唐青花、唐代白瓷、唐三彩以及白釉蓝彩标本的综合测试分析，从科技角度揭示了唐代青花瓷产生所经历的“唐三彩—白釉蓝彩—唐青花”发展过程中的物质基础和技术演变规律，为探讨青花瓷的起源问题提供了科学依据。

关键词: 白河窑, 黄冶窑, 白瓷, 唐青花, 统计分析, 起源与发展

Abstract:

The earliest white porcelain of archaeological excavation was found in Baihe kiln site in Gongyi county of Henan province. Meanwhile, several blue-and-white porcelain shards were discovered from the late Tang stratum of Baihe and Huangye kiln sites, which was the first time of finding Tang blue-and-white porcelain at kiln site. In this work, the chemical composition, firing temperature, microstructure, ceramic properties and chromaticity of the celadon and white porcelain shards of Northern Wei and Tang dynasties from Baihe kiln site were determined by systematical technical methods, and the experimental data were analyzed by the statistical analysis method. The results clarified the origin and evolution of Chinese white porcelain for the first time. In addition, the samples consist of excavated shards of blue-and-white porcelain, white porcelain, Tang tricolor pottery, and blue-on-white pottery from the Tang strata of the Baihe and the Huangye kiln sites were compositely analyzed to reveal the evolution law of the origin of Tang blue-and-white porcelain in three processes: Tang tricolor pottery, blue-on-white pottery, blue-and-white porcelain. These studies are also very important to supplement the ancient ceramic history of science and technology in china.

Key words: Baihe kiln, Huangye kiln, white porcelain, blue and white porcelain, statistical analysis, origin and evolution

罗宏杰，李伟东，鲁晓珂，孙新民，刘兰华，赵志文，郭木森. 中国白瓷和青花瓷的起源研究[J]. 自然杂志, 2017, 39(2): 137-148.

LUO Hongjie①②, LI Weidong, LU Xiaoke, SUN Xinmin, LIU Lanhua, ZHAO Zhiwen,GUO Musen. Origin and evolution of Chinese white porcelain and blue-and-white porcelain[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2017, 39(2): 137-148.