自然杂志 ›› 2010, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (1): 13-18.

• 专题综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原大气污染科学考察与监测

康世昌①张强弓②   

  1. ①研究员,中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境与地表过程重点实验室, 北京 100085;中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室,兰州 730000;②助理研究员,中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原环境与地表过程重点实验室,北京 100085
  • 收稿日期:2010-01-04 修回日期:2010-01-30 出版日期:2010-02-25 发布日期:2010-02-25

Scientific Survey and Monitoring of Atmospheric Pollution Over the Tibetan Plateau

KANG Shichang①  ZHANG Qianggong②   


  1. ①Professor, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100085, China; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Cold and Arid Environment and Engineering Institute, CAS , Lanzhou 730000, China; ②Assistant researcher, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
  • Received:2010-01-04 Revised:2010-01-30 Online:2010-02-25 Published:2010-02-25

摘要: 青藏高原平均海拔4 000 m以上,独特的地理位置和特殊的气候环境效应,以及高原上相对稀少的工农业等人类活动,引发了科学界对其大气环境研究的浓厚兴趣。青藏高原大气污染科学考察起步较晚,主要还集中在珠峰等关键地区。中国于20世纪90年代起陆续在瓦里关、纳木错、珠峰等地设立了台站,并在拉萨等城市开展了大气环境常规监测。目前,已经在温室气体监测,大气沙尘传输,臭氧低谷,气溶胶污染物化学及传输,城市大气环境监测和室内空气污染等领域取得了一系列研究成果。青藏高原大气污染科学研究的深入持续开展,将为了解和保护人类生存环境、推动当地经济社会可持续发展和深入研究大气环境科学做出积极贡献。

关键词: 青藏高原, 大气污染物, 科学考察, 监测

Abstract: The Tibetan Plateau, known as the highest plateau on the earth, has an average elevation of over 4 000 m. For its unique geographic location and particular impact on climate and environment, combined with sparse agricultural and industrial activities, it has been receiving increasing attentions on its atmospheric environment. Comprehensive survey on atmospheric pollution over the Tibetan Plateau has been mainly concentrated in critical regions such as Mt. Qomolangma (Everest). Field monitoring stations have been established in Waliguan, Nam Co, and Mt. Qomolangma, etc. in succession since early 1990s. To date, achievements have been made in various aspects such as greenhouse gas monitoring, atmospheric dust transport, ozone valley, aerosol physics and chemistry, urban atmospheric environment, and indoor air pollution. The continuous updating of the atmospheric pollution research over the Tibetan Plateau will not only represent efforts in further understanding and protecting our living environment, but also contribute to sustainable development of local socioeconomy, as well as researches in  atmospheric environment.

Key words: Tibetan Plateau, atmospheric pollution, survey, monitoring