自然杂志 ›› 2008, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (5): 291-295.

• 探索假说 • 上一篇    下一篇

发育重演律

陆长富   

  1. 中南大学生殖与干细胞工程研究所
  • 收稿日期:2007-12-11 修回日期:2007-12-11 出版日期:2008-10-20 发布日期:2008-10-20
  • 通讯作者: 陆长富

A Basic Law of Individual Development

LU Chang-fu   

  1. Institute of Human Reproduction and stem cell Engineering, Central South University.
    Changsha, Hunan, China, 410078
  • Received:2007-12-11 Revised:2007-12-11 Online:2008-10-20 Published:2008-10-20
  • Contact: LU Chang-fu

摘要: 个体的发育是由受精卵通过一系列细胞分化形成的,第一次细胞分化的结果是囊胚的形成。囊胚由外胚滋养层和内细胞团构成,外胚滋养层负责胚胎与外界的物质交换,以支持内细胞团的进一步分化。随后的细胞分化则导致一系列“类囊胚”的形成。“类囊胚”由外围的“类外胚滋养层”和内部的“类内细胞团”构成,“类内细胞团”为干细胞。每个“类囊胚”均由上一级“类囊胚”的“类内细胞团”形成,“类内细胞团”的分化潜能随 “类囊胚”的层级增多而逐次降低。最后一级“类囊胚”的“类内细胞团”不再形成“类囊胚”,只能形成特定的功能细胞。“类外胚滋养层”的主要作用是为其内的“类内细胞团”提供合适的微环境,以支持其发育。“类外胚滋养层”形成的组织一般为结缔组织或上皮组织。个体的发育实际上是“类囊胚”不断形成和演化的过程,该过程是生物发育普遍遵循的共同规律。

关键词: 囊胚, 类囊胚, 干细胞

Abstract: Our body is developed from a single cell through a hierarchical series of differentiation. The first differentiation results in the blastocyst formation, and subsequently differentiation result in a hierarchical series of blastocyst-like structures (BLSs). A blastocyst-like structure is composed of a trophectoderm-like structure (TLS) and an inner cell mass-like structure (ICMLS) or ICMLSs, and every BLS is contained in another BLS which is higher in hierarchy than that being contained. An important role of TLS is to make up the local microenvironment for ICMLSs, and TLSs of all the BLSs finally develop into connective tissues or epithelium. ICMLSs are stem cells with different potential. The lower the hierarchy the BLS belongs to, the more differentiated the cells of the ICMLSs of the BLS are. ICMLSs of BLSs belong to the lowest hierarchy are tissue-specific stem cells, they are usually unipotent. This development model can apply to all organisms, it is actually a basic law

Key words: blastocyst, blastocyst-like structures, stem cells