化学键的本质是怎样被揭示的

自然杂志 ›› 2009, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 47-54.

化学键的本质是怎样被揭示的

向义和

教授，清华大学物理系，北京 100084

收稿日期:2008-05-27 修回日期:2008-05-27 出版日期:2009-02-20 发布日期:2009-02-20

How the Nature of the Chemical Bond was Revealed?

XIANG Yi-he

Professor, Physics Department of Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084, China

Received:2008-05-27 Revised:2008-05-27 Online:2009-02-20 Published:2009-02-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 文章介绍了鲍林价键理论的思想起源和形成过程：接受路易斯的化学键电子理论；吸取海森伯的量子共振概念；得到海特勒和伦敦对氢分子结构近似处理的启发；从而完善了价键理论，提出了电子对键的六条规则；解决了碳原子四面体构型的问题，建立了杂化轨道理论。

关键词: 价键理论, 量子共振, 电子对键, 四面体构型, 杂化轨道

Abstract: The Origin and Forming of Pauling's Valence Bond Theory is introduced :Lewis's
Electron Theory of the Chemical Bond ; Heisenberg's Quantum Resonance Concept; Heitler and London' Approximate Treatment of the Structure of the Hydrogen Molecule;The Valence Bond Theory was perfected;The Properties of the Electron-Pair Bond was proposed;The Problem of the Tetrahedra Configuration of Carbon Atom was resolved;Theory of Hybrid Bond Orbitals was Established.

Key words: valence bond theory, quantum resonance, electron pair bond, tetrahedra configuration, hybrid bond orbitals

向义和. 化学键的本质是怎样被揭示的[J]. 自然杂志, 2009, 31(1): 47-54.

XIANG Yi-he. How the Nature of the Chemical Bond was Revealed?[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2009, 31(1): 47-54.