关键词: 氢气, 车载储氢, 燃料电池汽车, 石墨烯, 硅, 异质结, 光电探测

Abstract: A safe, efficient and lowcost hydrogen storage system is highly demanded for onboard application. The target performance set by the US DOE for hydrogen storage system is not based on any specific medium or technology, but on equivalency to the current gasoline storage system in terms of weight, volume, cost and other operating parameters. Through a decade’s efforts, successful examples have been demonstrated in several prototype fuel cell vehicles in which the hydrogen is supplied by a highpressure hydrogen tank, a liquid hydrogen tank or a tank filled with solidbased hydrogen storage materials. Unfortunately, none of them meets all of the US DOE targets due to some unresolved problems. Gaseous storage suffers from low volumetric density and safety concern, while liquefaction storage is not yet practical because of the boiloff of hydrogen and cost issues. Highperformance hydrogen storage materials for a solidbased storage system are needed to be developed. The new progress made in worldwide on the onboard hydrogen storage is reviewed herein.

Key words: hydrogen, onboard hydrogen storage, fuel cell automobile